Active Directory - what ports to open
Active Directory communication takes place using several ports.
The following is the list of services and their ports used for Active Directory communication:
Protocol and Port | AD and AD DS Usage | Type of traffic |
---|---|---|
TCP 25 | Replication | SMTP |
TCP and UDP 53 | User and Computer Authentication, Name Resolution, Trusts | DNS |
TCP and UDP 88 | User and Computer Authentication, Forest Level Trusts | Kerberos |
UDP 123 | Windows Time, Trusts | Windows Time |
TCP 135 | Replication | RPC, EPM |
UDP 137 | User and Computer Authentication, | NetLogon, NetBIOS Name Resolution |
UDP 138 | DFS, Group Policy | DFSN, NetLogon, NetBIOS Datagram Service |
TCP 139 | ser and Computer Authentication, Replication | DFSN, NetBIOS Session Service, NetLogon |
TCP and UDP 389 |
LDAP Server - Directory, Replication, User and Computer Authentication, Group Policy, Trusts |
LDAP |
TCP and UDP 445 | SMB - Replication, User and Computer Authentication, Group Policy, Trusts | SMB,CIFS,SMB2, DFSN, LSARPC, NbtSS, NetLogonR, SamR, SrvSvc |
TCP and UDP 464 | Replication, User and Computer Authentication, Trusts | Kerberos change/set password |
TCP 500 | IPsec ISAKMP | |
TCP 636 |
LDAP SSL - Directory, Replication, User and Computer Authentication, Group Policy, Trusts |
LDAP SSL |
TCP 3268 |
Global Catalog - Directory, Replication, User and Computer Authentication, Group Policy, Trusts |
LDAP GC |
TCP 3269 |
Global Catalog - Directory, Replication, User and Computer Authentication, Group Policy, Trusts |
LDAP GC SSL |
UDP 67 and UDP 2535 |
DHCP is not a core AD DS service but it is often present in many AD DS deployments. | DHCP, MADCAP |
UDP 4500 | NAT-T | |
TCP 5722 |
File Replication |
RPC, DFSR (SYSVOL) |
TCP 9389 | Active Directory Web Services (ADWS), Active Directory Management Gateway Service | SOAP |
TCP 1024 - 5000 TCP 49152 - 65535 |
RPC randomly allocated high TCP ports | |
UDP Dynamic |
Group Policy |
DCOM, RPC, EPM |
TCP Dynamic | Replication, User and Computer Authentication, Group Policy, Trusts | RPC, DCOM, EPM, DRSUAPI, NetLogonR, SamR, FRS |
These ports are required by both client computers and Domain Controllers.
Example, client computer tries to find a domain controller it sends a DNS Query over Port 53 to find the name of the domain controller in the domain.
How to create a file of a certain size
How to create a file of a certain size
When you need a file of a certain size can easily create it via the utility Fsutil
Run a command prompt as an administrator.
Enter cmd in the launch bar.
After opening the command window, type the command:
createnew fsutil file c: \ temp \ new_file.txt 1048576
After typing the above command appears on the disk c file named new_file of a predetermined size in bytes
Examples of conversion of different size to bytes:
• 1 MB = 1048576 bytes
• 100 MB = 104,857,600 bytes
• 1 GB = 1,073,741,824 bytes
• 10 GB = 10,737,418,240 bytes
• 100 GB = 107,374,182,400 bytes
Export PUTTY Session List
How to export PUTTY sessions list
By default PuTTY stores the session information in the registry on Windows machine.
If the sessions are stored in computer, you can transfer them to another computer by exporting the appropriate registry key.
registry key with saved sessions - HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\SimonTatham\PuTTY\Sessions
rapid export the registry key
regedit /e "%userprofile%\desktop\putty-reg.reg" HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Simontatham
\PuTTY\Sessions
registry key has been saved on your desktop
Take this file and run on the computer where you want to import sessions
another way to export the registry is doing it manually
open registry
Start -> regedit go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\SimonTatham\PuTTY\
right click on Sessions and export registry key to file.